Toni Morrison s Sul Gender Heteronormative Relationships

In Toni Morrison’s Sula, gender heteronormative relationships are demonstrated in a very punishable manner. The two main characters Sula Peace, and Nel Right share a very strong, well connected friendship. The two of them are a mirror reflection of each other, with the same desires. Heteronormative institutions in the book do not seem to be stable for the most part. Hannah Peace, the single mother Sula, lives a disordered life in her household while Helene Wright belongs to a conservative and peaceful life, but her husband is never around. With the two daughters of both families being part of each other’s lives, they create a friendship that shows the privilege for female-female bonds over male-male bonds. In chapter 1919, Nel’s mother, Helene and her family are introduced. Her grandmother raised Helene to her very best unlike her mother Rochelle, who was a creole whore and did not take care of her. Helene later married a seaman named, Wiley Wright. This marriage in the story was a somewhat of a success in terms of a heteronormative institution because they had raised Nel making her â€Å"obedient and polite† (Morrison 23). Unlike Helene, Sula’s mother, Hannah Peace, never really gave orders and directions to Sula, and Nel enjoyed this while Sula enjoyed staying at Nel’s tidy and neat home. Before Eva peace gave birth to her children and took in the Dewey brothers, she had married a man named, BoyBoy. Their marriage was a disaster as it was filled with unfaithfulness, lack of

Liberal Reforms and its Impact on the Lives of the People Free Essays

â€Å"To what extent did the liberal reforms in 1906-1914 improve the lives of people? † The Liberal government introduced a series of reforms aimed at moving away from the Laissez-faire ideology and toward a more self help scheme aiming to move people away from poverty and to make Britain a better country both in health and prosperity; Churchill said â€Å"If we see a drowning man we do not drag him to the shore, instead we provide help to allow him to swim ashore†. To do this the Liberals aimed at giving aid to the young, the old, the sick, the unemployed and the workers; these groups will be discussed throughout the essay. These reforms were later regarded as the foundations for the welfare state. We will write a custom essay sample on Liberal Reforms and its Impact on the Lives of the People or any similar topic only for you Order Now Children were one of the most critical groups for the government to help because they were unable to help themselves. They were also the next generation of workers and soldiers and knowing that war was looming meant that the government were very eager to improve their health. In 1906 an act was passed called â€Å"Provisions of Meals Act† which meant local authorities were allowed to provide free school meals for destitute children; however this was not made compulsory until 1914 and so only a few councils took it on board right from the start. These free school meals were effective in two ways; they were found to have vastly improved children’s diet and growth and also improved the children’s concentration during school. Parliamentary papers quoted â€Å"Children are unable by reason of lack of food to take full advantage of their education† this proves the point that children were so hungry they could not concentrate and benefit from a proper education. In 1907 the â€Å"Administrative Provisions Act† was passed which introduced free medical inspections in schools checking the children’s weight, height, eye sight and general health but it was not until 1912 that free medical treatment was provided before any illnesses were observed, but little could be done by poor families who could not afford treatment also some parents believed it what their duty to look after their children and keep them healthy a historian Pugh said â€Å"much of the states activity in connection with children – vaccination, medical inspection, school meals, arrangements for taking them into care was represented by parents as an infringement of their role. †. Both of these acts did not improve the overall lives of the young in Britain and showed that not enough was truly being done to effectively make change and that the illusion of change was not enough. Arguably the most important of reforms for children was the â€Å"Children’s Charter† which was introduced in 1908. The general idea of it was to protect children from cruelty and corruption: juvenile courts were set up, imprisonment would occur in borstals, identity was protected, neglecting parents could be fined and age restrictions were placed on products such as alcohol and tobacco. The minimum age restrictions to products had limited success to start off with but it did make a difference. Overall, these acts together were believed to guarantee better lives for children. The elderly were helped by being given an old age pension. In 1908 the government paid up to 5 shillings a week to people over 70. The pension received depended on income and was set on a sliding scale so those with the highest income received for the least (or none) in pension money. The idea of pensions was admirable but there were many unfair features of it when first introduced. Not all elderly British citizens could qualify for it; those who had avoided work, had a criminal record, or were habitually drunk were excluded. Also, the fact that it was provided for the over 70’s meant that not many people lived long enough to receive their pension and also those who did had not received it early enough as monetary aid since it would have been required many years before it was provided. Finally, the pension given did not raise the elderly income above the poverty line; Seebohm Rowntree’s minimum income for comfortable survival was over 35 shillings a week, Taylor stated the government â€Å"provided a meagre pension for the needy over the age of 70† which shows many people believed that the amount paid for the pension was not nearly enough to live on. Therefore, despite the idea and intensions being good they did not go far enough to improve the lives and ensure security for the elderly. The sick were another group the government tried to help. A contributory scheme was introduced for workers in case of illness. At the time there was no free national health service and the poor usually could not afford medical help. The â€Å"National Insurance Act† of 1911 gave some medical benefits for the worker who, when working, had paid into the scheme which their employer and the government would then add too. One of the main causes of poverty was the sickness and subsequent absence from work so any amount of income during absence from work would benefit the worker and their family greatly. However there were many problems with the scheme. For a start the workers did not like the idea that 4 pence of their money every week would be taken from them despite the possibility they may not claim on their insurance and they may have need the 4 pence for their own survival at the time. Also, it was only the workers themselves who were able to claim from the insurance despite the difficulties another illness in the family may put upon the other family members. Thus, to be of greater use and to have been viewed in greater favour by many this scheme would need to cover a broader spectrum of difficulties within the family unit and appear more obviously beneficial to the majority rather than just the worker. Unemployment was another important factor of society which the Liberal reforms attempted to tackle. They did this by introducing â€Å"Labour Exchanges Act† in 1909 where workers could find out where work could be found. Part of the National Insurance Act dealt with unemployment; it was a contributory scheme like that from illness from both the worker and the government for which they would receive a payout when unable to find work. However, this payment only lasted for up to fifteen weeks so if they were unemployed any longer no help was given. The scheme also only applied to seven particular jobs. Churchill explained â€Å"there are trades in which seasonal unemployment is not only high, but chronic; marked by seasonal fluctuations†. It was not designed to deal with long term unemployment and the labour exchanges act was slow and inefficient. The workers were helped by the government by introducing a â€Å"Workman’s Compensation Act† in 1906 that covered 6 million workers who could claim compensation for disease or injury that was a result of poor working conditions. However, in many trades and industries the government failed to establish a minimum wage level or a limit to working hours therefore did little to improve the lives of people during this period of change. On the other hand there were many positive reforms passed to help this category. In 1908 miners secured an eight hour working day. In 1909 the â€Å"Trade Borders Act† tried to protect workers from the sweated industries by setting up trade boards to fix minimum wage in jobs where workers were liable to exploitation and where trade unions could not protect them. Finally, in 1911 a â€Å"Shop Act† limited working hours for shop assistants and guaranteed a half day when the shop is closed. The government did make changes to this group but did not solve all their problems. To conclude, it is certainly true to say that the Liberal reforms marked a change away from Laissez-faire† to a more interventionist approach which meant that the government took some responsibility for the welfare of everyone in the country. It is wrong to say the Liberals created a welfare state . They did however mark a transition point between the old attitudes and the new attitudes towards pov erty. The reforms did help to improve the lives of many people living in Britain during this time but did not solve all problems faced by the government and by the citizens of Britain; poverty was not solved and many people still lived under the poverty line, housing was not improved and there was still no free health care and so until these issues were dealt with overcoming these major problems would be difficult to do. How to cite Liberal Reforms and its Impact on the Lives of the People, Papers

Importance of Facility Management-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Importance of Facility Management. Answer: Company background SingTel is one of the most reputed telecommunication company based on Singapore. Currently SingTel is the largest mobile network operator in the land of Singapore having more than 4 million subscribers. In last few years the expansion of SingTel has been quite aggressive and it is seen that they now own networking businesses outside the market of Singapore. SingTel has market shares in various organizations like Bharti Airtel, Optus, Australian Telco and many more (Mahoney, 2014). The main purpose of this report is to highlight the contribution of facility management that contributes immensely to achieve the targets set by the management o the company. The report further stresses on certain factors of facility management to understand how they support an organization to achieve their aims. Role of facility manager Facility management is one of the most vital aspects of any organization. The facility managers have to make sure that at the critical situations the organizations workforce can perform optimally. To ensure the productivity and profitability of the organization the facility management of SingTel has a specific value proposition and those are mentioned in this section. Asset management: the facility managers have to proactively check the conditions of the workspace in order to ensure that the organization is running without a hitch. Communication: to make sure that everything within the premises of the organization is running smooth, the employees of the facility department will have focus on increasing the inter-organizational communication (Vetrkov, Potkny Hitka, 2013). The managers of facility department will have to ensure that the customer service department of the organization is running without any issues. As the organization operates in the telecom industry, the customer service of the organization should be good, else it would potentially affect the reputation of the organization. General management: the facility department will have to ensure that all the employees of the organization are content with their experience in the organization and along with that, the general management includes the capital and asset plans, training and development procedure for the employees of the organization and many more (Vetrkov, Potkny Hitka, 2013). Maintenance management is one of the most important tasks of the employees in the facility department, as in a telecom organization the devices that are used to maintain a continuous high speed network must be maintained with high priority. Standards: The facility manager has to ensure that the company liabilities should not exceed the profitable amount of the organization and along with that facility department should make sure the consistency for the space layouts, fit up, furniture and capital projects (Shohet Lavy, 2017). Upgrading works For the growth of any organization or to ensure the productivity and profitability of an organization the importance of facility management cannot be denied. In this scenario, it can be said that behind the success of SingTel, there are enormous contribution of the facility department. In todays market, SingTel has earned a name and the directors of the organization during a press meet stated that without the strong support from the facility department of the organization, the corporation would not have achieved the success they have acquired now. The facility department is mission critical for SingTel and the challenges the facility managers have to face are numerous. The facility manager of SingTel has to ensure that while operation lowest energy is consumed, they have to ensure increased lease revenues along with that the facility management will have to ensure that there is a decrease in work order response times (Allen et al., 2017). The facility department should do the budgeting work and financial planning before initiation of a project. The facility department also has to understand the health and safety issues of the employees of the organization in order to keep the environment of the workplace safer (Shohet Lavy, 2017). The facility department ensures that all the employees are content with their stay in the workplace and when in emergency the employees of the facility department has to be present their physically to solve the issues. The facility department has to understand the business process of SingTel, so that they can provide the best facilities to the employees of SingTel, so that they can emerge as the best organization as per the productivity along with the profitability. The employees of the facility department should have a clear idea about the mission and objective of SingTel in order to ensure that for the both parties the goals are matched. For a business organization like SingTel, every financial year does not go equally and at the time of emergencies, the facility department has to act as quickly as they can to ensure that the organization operates smoothly (Shohet Lavy, 2017). In most cases within the premise of the Singtel, the employees of the facility department have to have a basic idea regarding technologies and latest software. As the operations of SingTel are totally technology based, thus to ensure that the employees are getting enough technological assistance the employees of the facility department should have a basic knowledge of latest technologies. The facility department should make sure that all the devices that are used to maintain continuous network throughout the nation are maintained well and those are in the probably best hands. Thus, it can be said that the facility department have some extra roles to play while working for an organization like SingTel. The facility employees of SingTel are rich with their intrapersonal skills and thus they can have the ability to connect with all the employees of the organization and have the ability to encourage them to work harder if needed. Recommendation Figure: Model of facility management (Optimagrupo.es, 2017) Considering the model of facility management, the management of the organization should improve the facility management in order to keep the facility department effective. The facility department of SingTel is highly competent and it can surely be said that behind the success of SingTel, the contribution of the facility department is enormous. Somehow, it can be said that there are some places where the facility department can improve and that will surely boost the productivity along with the profitability of the organization (Mahoney, 2014). The employees of the facility department of SingTel can improve their intrapersonal skills, so that they can establish better communication with all the employees of the corporation (Atkin Brooks, 2014). If a good communication among the workforce is established, then it can surely be said that there will be a significant increase in the productivity of the organization and an overall understanding among the employees will get better over time. If the management can focus more on the training and development procedure for the facility employees, then this type of shortcoming can easily be rectified. The employees of the facility department can improve their reaction time at the time of emergencies. If they can at quickly when needed, they will be able to solve the issues faster than before and that can directly have a positive impact on the productivity of the organization. For this a thorough training session must be conducted by the management of SingTel for the facility employees (Lin, Su Chen, 2014). The facility department can enhance their technological skills so that they can solve the technical issues faster than before (Atkin Brooks, 2014). As the business operation of SingTel is mostly dependent on the electronic and electrical devices, to ensure that the network is provided without a hitch, the facility employees should have sound knowledge regarding the latest technologies. Considering this model management of SingTel should consider that they must invest some time for training the facility employees about the work safety management for the betterment of the company. Better knowledge of work safety can surely enhance the level of confidence of the workers towards the organization (Lin, Su Chen, 2014). If the general workforce notices that the management of the organization is doing something for them, then it will increase their level of motivation and loyalty towards the organization. It is a matter of fact that a motivated workforce is a nucleus of any organization, but it can surely be said that a motivated and loyal workforce is certainly an asset for the organization. Evaluation From the real life data collection an noticing the success graph of the organization of the last few years it can surely be said that due to massive improvement in the facility management in the SingTel has resulted in a boost in the productivity and the profitability of the organization. The CEO of SingTel during a press meet has shown his utmost respect for the facility employees of the organization, saying that they always remain behind the curtain and in most of the times do not get enough recognition (Lavy Jawadekar, 2014). But the facility employees are the ones who ensure that the operations of the organization run smoothly and the service that the customers get are uninterrupted (Allen et al., 2017). A data was collected almost a year ago regarding the productivity and the profitability of the organization and then various steps to improve the facility system were taken by the management. After implementing those regulations data were again collected. The management was happ y to see that the organization got positively influenced by the improvement of the facility department. The competency level of the facility employees were tested by the management by simulating real life situations within the workplace and the core management of the organization was happy to see that after providing training to the facility employees, they successfully completed the tasks in that simulated situation and proved their competency level (Atkin Brooks, 2014). Recommendation and Contingency Plan The management of the organization can take some initiatives to make the facility management of the organization more effective. The fields where the management wants to work on for the employees of the facility department are mentioned in this sector (Lavy Jawadekar, 2014). The following recommendations will also contribute in the contingency plan of the facility management. Cultural training The management has already given training regarding improving the intrapersonal relationships, but lack of proper cultural intelligence the employees would not be able to give in their full potential. In an organization like SingTel, there are employees from various ethnic and cultural backgrounds (Allen et al., 2017). The issue that the employees of the facility department face nowadays is that they cannot communicate with the individuals in the workforce, who are from different cultural background. Thus the management of the organization should focus on training the facility employees along with all the employees of the organization to enhance their cultural intelligence so that a proper communication is established within the employees of the organization. Equipments The management of the organization must make sure that they provide the facility employees with the best possible equipments that can improve their work rate. The facility department is engaged in such works where they will need better equipments in order to ensure a continuous productivity of the organization (Lavy Jawadekar, 2014). Recruiting talented workforce The management of the organization should ensure that they recruit the best possible talented people for their facility department to ensure a great contribution of facility department towards the productivity and the profitability of the organization. The hiring process can be changed according to the present needs of the organization (Lavy Jawadekar, 2014). If the management wants competent employees who will mostly look after the equipments maintenance the recruitment type would be different and if they want their facility department will be strong dealing with the work safety issues the recruitment criteria would be different. Thus for SingTel it would be wiser if the organization recruits individuals for the facility department in a balanced nature. Conclusion Thus to conclude, it can be said that the organization like SingTel, they should focus more on strengthening the facility department in order to ensure a sound productivity and profitability. The management of the organization thus has already taken some initiatives and can work on the issues more for the betterment of the situation. In short it can be said that facility management is one of the most important department of an organization that can ensure the reputation of that particular corporation. References Allen, E. P., Muhwezi, W. W., Henriksson, D. K., Mbonye, A. K. (2017). Health facility management and access: a qualitative analysis of challenges to seeking healthcare for children under five in Uganda.Health Policy and Planning, czw180. Atkin, B., Brooks, A. (2014).Total facility management. John Wiley Sons. Lavy, S., Jawadekar, S. (2014). A case study of using BIM and COBie for facility management.International Journal of Facility Management,5(2). Lin, Y. C., Su, Y. C., Chen, Y. P. (2014). Developing mobile BIM/2D barcode-based automated facility management system.The Scientific World Journal,2014. Liu, R., Issa, R. R. A. (2013). Issues in BIM for Facility Management from Industry Practitioners' Perspectives. InComputing in Civil Engineering (2013)(pp. 411-418). Mahoney, M. (2014). Engaging with Industry: Collaborative Action Research as a Useful Tool in Facility Management, Knowledge and Learning. InHuman Capital without Borders: Knowledge and Learning for Quality of Life; Proceedings of the Management, Knowledge and Learning International Conference 2014(pp. 237-244). ToKnowPress. Optimagrupo.es. (2017).Optima facility - Solutions. [online] Available at: https://www.optimagrupo.es/en/solutions [Accessed 24 Nov. 2017]. Roper, K. O., Payant, R. P. (2014).The facility management handbook. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Shohet, I. M., Lavy, S. (2017). Facility maintenance and management: a health care case study.International Journal of Strategic Property Management,21(2), 170-182. Vetrkov, M., Potkny, M., Hitka, M. (2013). Outsourcing of facility management.E+ M Ekonomie a Management, (1), 80.